Types of Infections and Microorganisms

Introduction

Understanding different types of infections and microorganisms is crucial for effective infection control practices.

Types of Microorganisms

The classification of microorganisms includes:

• Bacteria: Tiny single-celled organisms that can cause diseases like infections. They can also be beneficial, aiding in processes like food digestion.
• Viruses: Much smaller than bacteria and can only replicate within living cells. They cause a wide range of human infections from the common cold to serious illnesses like AIDS.
• Pathogenic Fungi: Includes moulds and yeasts that cause infections such as ringworm and thrush.
• Protozoa: Microscopic organisms larger than bacteria, causing infections like malaria, spread through ingestion, sexual transmission, or insect vectors.
• Worms: Pathogenic worms like threadworm and tapeworm that can spread infections among humans.
• Prions: Infectious protein particles responsible for diseases like (New) Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD).

Impact on Infection Control

Each type of microorganism requires specific infection control measures to prevent transmission and manage outbreaks effectively.